Asthma is not so much "treated" as it is "controlled". As a chronic, long-term illness is not curable. Nevertheless, there is the use of tools and drugs to control asthma, as well as criteria for measuring progress.
Peak flow meter
Peak flow meter is a simple, small, hand tools, which may help asthma control, to evaluate how well air moves out of the lungs.
After blowing into the device, the counter shows the number of peak flows. The doctor will tell you how often determine the outcome of the tests and how to interpret how much medicine to take. Some results of the registration of people every morning, while others Peak Flow Meter use temporarily.
Often, each test with a peak flow meter for his "personal best" peak flow) will be evaluated (for 2 to 3 weeks, good control of asthma. In testing peak flow is beginning to fall - even before other symptoms are present - that might indicate an impending asthma attack . After a medicine used to treat asthma, peak flow meter is used to test the effectiveness of drug therapy.
Good governance
Asthma is "under control" if:
* Chronic and disruptive symptoms (cough and shortness of breath), is not possible, and there is no more than 2 days a week.
These criteria can be the work of the doctor and the factors that can go to avoid your asthma. Also, be sure there will be other conditions which may affect the treatment of asthma treatment.
Good control also means avoiding things that asthma or asthma symptoms, such as allergens. This may mean limiting time outdoors when pollen and above, or to limit the pollution of contacts with animals. Asthma and allergies through allergy injections must be removed from the context.
Screening
Parts of asthma control is good to consult with your doctor every 2 to 6 weeks for regular check-ups while he is under control. Then, the test may be reduced once a month or twice a year.
This is a good habit, duration of asthma symptoms and attacks, and the number of diagnoses, such as measuring the peak to keep the flow. Doctors and nurses will ask about this and about the daily activities in order to assess the status of their asthma control.
Medicine
Asthma medication is quick aid of drugs or medication long term specified under control. Reduction of symptoms of inflammation in the airways and prevent asthma is the goal of long term controller medications, if immediate relief of symptoms of asthma is the goal of rapid assistance to "rescue" of drugs.
Drugs can be absorbed by the tablets, but most of them in the form of powder or oral mist using a device known as an inhaler. Inhalers allow drugs to travel efficiently through the airways in the lungs.
Inhaler
Drugs can be introduced through the spray, which is more continuous dose. Nebulizer spray doses of drugs in saline at a constant fog of vapor is inhaled by the patient.
Long-term management
Controller medications taken long-term and are determined on a daily basis to prevent asthma symptoms such as inflammation of the airways. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medicine - the best airways inflammation and relieve edema. As a rule, should be taken daily to dramatically reduce that inflammation initiates a chain reaction in asthma attacks.
Although inhaled corticosteroids are not taken daily habit. However, the drug side effects such as infections like oral thrush to be known. Drozdov occurs when the Earth of corticosteroids in the throat or mouth. Spacers or holding chambers are designed to prevent this. Oral candidiasis can be prevented by inhalation and mouthwash.
Inhaled corticosteroids increase the risk of developing cataracts (clouding of the eye) and osteoporosis (thinning bones), if taken for a long time.
There are other drugs for long-term monitoring, physicians may designate. , Most of which are taken by mouth and are designed to prevent the airway open and inflammation of the airways. Examples are long-acting inhaled B2-agonists (used in low doses), inhaled corticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, cromolyn sodium and nedocromil, and theophylline.
Quick help medicine
Quick help drug relief of symptoms of asthma occur when they occur. The most common are short-acting inhaled B2 agonists - bronchodilators, relax the muscles tighten faster flow in the airways, allowing air through them.
Used rapid assistance inhaler to be used when taking the first noticeable symptoms of asthma, but should not exceed 2 days per week. Most people are quick assistance inhaler with them at all times. Quick-relief medicines are usually not to reduce inflammation, and therefore should not be used as a substitute for the drug over time controller.
Emergency care
If your medicines do not relieve an asthma attack or your peak flow is less than half of what it normally is, emergency medicine may be necessary. Call 911 or have someone take you to the emergency room if you cannot walk because you are out of breath or if you have blue lips or fingernails.
Lifesaving treatments at the hospital will consist of direct oxygen (to alleviate hypoxia) and higher doses of medicines. Emergency personnel will likely administer a cocktail of short-acting B-2 agonists, systemic oral or intravenous steroids, other bronchodilators, nonspecific injected or inhaled B-2 agonists, anticholinergics, inhalation anesthetics, the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, and intravenous magnesium sulfate.
Intubation (a breathing tube down one's throat) and mechanical ventilation may also be used in patients undergoing respiratory arrest.
Children
While medications can help quickly alleviate dyspnea in young children, long-term control medication used to treat infants and young children when the symptoms are likely to remain so after 6 years.
Like adults, children treated with inhaled corticosteroids, montelukast or cromolyn sodium. Often, treatment will be assessed in 4 to 6 weeks, and stopped, if you do not see the desired result. Inhaled corticosteroids carry a side effect of growth has slowed, but the effect is usually small, and only apparent during the first months of treatment.
Elders
Asthma care of older people may require adjustments in order to avoid unwanted drug interactions. Beta-blockers, aspirin, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs may prevent asthma medications safely and can worsen symptoms. And it may be difficult for retirees to keep breathing for about 10 seconds after inhalation of drugs, gaskets, but have been developed to help this problem.
Increased risk of osteoporosis due to inhaled corticosteroids, may be reinforced with brittle bones in older people. It is customary to take calcium and vitamin D tablets, in addition to therapy for healthy bones.
Pregnant
Adequate control of asthma for pregnant women, are necessary to ensure good oxygenation of the fetus. Infants born to mothers with asthma have an increased chance of preterm birth and low birth weight. For pregnant women outweigh the risks associated with asthma risk associated with asthma medications.
Non-medical treatment
Some people have asthma with non-traditional alternative therapies, but little official data to support the effectiveness of these methods. It is, however, studies have shown that acupuncture, air ionizers, dust mites and control measures, or almost no effect on asthma symptoms and lung function. The evidence does not support the final, or osteopathy, chiropractic, physical therapy, respiratory therapy techniques reject. Homeopathy may slightly reduce the intensity of symptoms, but the result is not reliable.
Sources of information:
Peak flow meter
Peak flow meter is a simple, small, hand tools, which may help asthma control, to evaluate how well air moves out of the lungs.
After blowing into the device, the counter shows the number of peak flows. The doctor will tell you how often determine the outcome of the tests and how to interpret how much medicine to take. Some results of the registration of people every morning, while others Peak Flow Meter use temporarily.
Often, each test with a peak flow meter for his "personal best" peak flow) will be evaluated (for 2 to 3 weeks, good control of asthma. In testing peak flow is beginning to fall - even before other symptoms are present - that might indicate an impending asthma attack . After a medicine used to treat asthma, peak flow meter is used to test the effectiveness of drug therapy.
Good governance
Asthma is "under control" if:
* Chronic and disruptive symptoms (cough and shortness of breath), is not possible, and there is no more than 2 days a week.
* There is a great need for treatment or require immediate assistance, less than 2 days a week.
* Maintain good pulmonary function.
* Your activity remains normal.
* The expected level remains normal, and symptoms did not wake up sleeping more than 1 to 2 per month.
* You do not need emergency medical care.
* You are no longer in the year as asthma, whether the requirements of inhaled corticosteroids.
* Your peak flow of more than 80% of the number of managed his personal record.
* Maintain good pulmonary function.
* Your activity remains normal.
* The expected level remains normal, and symptoms did not wake up sleeping more than 1 to 2 per month.
* You do not need emergency medical care.
* You are no longer in the year as asthma, whether the requirements of inhaled corticosteroids.
* Your peak flow of more than 80% of the number of managed his personal record.
These criteria can be the work of the doctor and the factors that can go to avoid your asthma. Also, be sure there will be other conditions which may affect the treatment of asthma treatment.
Good control also means avoiding things that asthma or asthma symptoms, such as allergens. This may mean limiting time outdoors when pollen and above, or to limit the pollution of contacts with animals. Asthma and allergies through allergy injections must be removed from the context.
Screening
Parts of asthma control is good to consult with your doctor every 2 to 6 weeks for regular check-ups while he is under control. Then, the test may be reduced once a month or twice a year.
This is a good habit, duration of asthma symptoms and attacks, and the number of diagnoses, such as measuring the peak to keep the flow. Doctors and nurses will ask about this and about the daily activities in order to assess the status of their asthma control.
Medicine
Asthma medication is quick aid of drugs or medication long term specified under control. Reduction of symptoms of inflammation in the airways and prevent asthma is the goal of long term controller medications, if immediate relief of symptoms of asthma is the goal of rapid assistance to "rescue" of drugs.
Drugs can be absorbed by the tablets, but most of them in the form of powder or oral mist using a device known as an inhaler. Inhalers allow drugs to travel efficiently through the airways in the lungs.
Inhaler
Drugs can be introduced through the spray, which is more continuous dose. Nebulizer spray doses of drugs in saline at a constant fog of vapor is inhaled by the patient.
Long-term management
Controller medications taken long-term and are determined on a daily basis to prevent asthma symptoms such as inflammation of the airways. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medicine - the best airways inflammation and relieve edema. As a rule, should be taken daily to dramatically reduce that inflammation initiates a chain reaction in asthma attacks.
Although inhaled corticosteroids are not taken daily habit. However, the drug side effects such as infections like oral thrush to be known. Drozdov occurs when the Earth of corticosteroids in the throat or mouth. Spacers or holding chambers are designed to prevent this. Oral candidiasis can be prevented by inhalation and mouthwash.
Inhaled corticosteroids increase the risk of developing cataracts (clouding of the eye) and osteoporosis (thinning bones), if taken for a long time.
There are other drugs for long-term monitoring, physicians may designate. , Most of which are taken by mouth and are designed to prevent the airway open and inflammation of the airways. Examples are long-acting inhaled B2-agonists (used in low doses), inhaled corticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, cromolyn sodium and nedocromil, and theophylline.
Quick help medicine
Quick help drug relief of symptoms of asthma occur when they occur. The most common are short-acting inhaled B2 agonists - bronchodilators, relax the muscles tighten faster flow in the airways, allowing air through them.
Used rapid assistance inhaler to be used when taking the first noticeable symptoms of asthma, but should not exceed 2 days per week. Most people are quick assistance inhaler with them at all times. Quick-relief medicines are usually not to reduce inflammation, and therefore should not be used as a substitute for the drug over time controller.
Emergency care
If your medicines do not relieve an asthma attack or your peak flow is less than half of what it normally is, emergency medicine may be necessary. Call 911 or have someone take you to the emergency room if you cannot walk because you are out of breath or if you have blue lips or fingernails.
Lifesaving treatments at the hospital will consist of direct oxygen (to alleviate hypoxia) and higher doses of medicines. Emergency personnel will likely administer a cocktail of short-acting B-2 agonists, systemic oral or intravenous steroids, other bronchodilators, nonspecific injected or inhaled B-2 agonists, anticholinergics, inhalation anesthetics, the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, and intravenous magnesium sulfate.
Intubation (a breathing tube down one's throat) and mechanical ventilation may also be used in patients undergoing respiratory arrest.
Children
While medications can help quickly alleviate dyspnea in young children, long-term control medication used to treat infants and young children when the symptoms are likely to remain so after 6 years.
Like adults, children treated with inhaled corticosteroids, montelukast or cromolyn sodium. Often, treatment will be assessed in 4 to 6 weeks, and stopped, if you do not see the desired result. Inhaled corticosteroids carry a side effect of growth has slowed, but the effect is usually small, and only apparent during the first months of treatment.
Elders
Asthma care of older people may require adjustments in order to avoid unwanted drug interactions. Beta-blockers, aspirin, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs may prevent asthma medications safely and can worsen symptoms. And it may be difficult for retirees to keep breathing for about 10 seconds after inhalation of drugs, gaskets, but have been developed to help this problem.
Increased risk of osteoporosis due to inhaled corticosteroids, may be reinforced with brittle bones in older people. It is customary to take calcium and vitamin D tablets, in addition to therapy for healthy bones.
Pregnant
Adequate control of asthma for pregnant women, are necessary to ensure good oxygenation of the fetus. Infants born to mothers with asthma have an increased chance of preterm birth and low birth weight. For pregnant women outweigh the risks associated with asthma risk associated with asthma medications.
Non-medical treatment
Some people have asthma with non-traditional alternative therapies, but little official data to support the effectiveness of these methods. It is, however, studies have shown that acupuncture, air ionizers, dust mites and control measures, or almost no effect on asthma symptoms and lung function. The evidence does not support the final, or osteopathy, chiropractic, physical therapy, respiratory therapy techniques reject. Homeopathy may slightly reduce the intensity of symptoms, but the result is not reliable.
Sources of information:
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